Category Archives: Agriculture

Agriculture

Young Farmers Are An Emerging Social Movement

Steeped in years of talk around college campuses and in stylish urban enclaves about the evils of factory farms, the perils of relying on petroleum to deliver food over long distances and the beauty of greenmarkets, some young urbanites are starting to put their muscles where their pro-environment, antiglobalization mouths are. They are creating small-scale farms near urban areas hungry for quality produce and willing to pay a premium.

While this is hardly the first time that idealistic young people wanted to get back to the garden, the current crop have advantages over their forebears from the 1960s and 70s, many of whom headed to the country, only to find it impossible to make a living. This time, the growing market for organic and locally grown produce is making it possible for well-run small farms to thrive.

[Read](http://www.nytimes.com/2008/03/16/fashion/16farmer.html?ex=1363320000&en=eeece986027380cb&ei=5088&partner=rssnyt&emc=rss “Read the Article”) (New York Times)

Backyards, Beware: An Orchard Wants Your Spot

In the last few years, an increasing number of Americans have turned their yards over to such mini orchards, planting them with dwarf and semi-dwarf fruit trees, even in dense urban areas.

The backyard orchard makes sense, given the growing popularity of the local-food movement. Nothing is more local than the backyard, after all, and home orcharding, as the practice is sometimes called, guarantees freshness and cuts the energy costs for transportation to nil. Anxieties about food safety — sparked by events like last year’s E. coli outbreak in spinach — may also be contributing to the trend.

[Read](http://www.nytimes.com/2008/03/13/garden/13orchyarding.html?ex=1363147200&en=b7c32ed99aeaea57&ei=5088&partner=rssnyt&emc=rss “Read the Article”) (New York Times)

A Global Need for Grain That Farms Can’t Fill

Around the world, wheat is becoming a precious commodity. In Pakistan, thousands of paramilitary troops have been deployed since January to guard trucks carrying wheat and flour. Malaysia, trying to keep its commodities at home, has made it a crime to export flour and other products without a license.

At a moment when much of the country is contemplating recession, farmers are flourishing. The Agriculture Department forecasts that farm income this year will be 50 percent greater than the average of the last 10 years. The flood of money into American agriculture is leading to rising land values and a renewed sense of optimism in rural America.

“All of a sudden farmers are more in control, which is a weird position for them,” said Brian Sorenson of the Northern Crops Institute in Fargo, N.D. “Everyone’s knocking at their door, saying, ‘Grow this, grow that.’ ”

The biggest blemish on this winter of joy is that farmers’ own costs are rising rapidly. Expenses for the diesel fuel used to run tractors and combines and for the fertilizer essential to modern agriculture have soared. Farmers don’t just want high prices; they need them to pay their bills.

Read (The New York Times)

Cattle killed by chemicals in fertilizer (sludge)?

It was a farm idea with a big payoff and supposedly no downside: ridding lakes and rivers of raw sewage and industrial pollution by converting it all into a free, nutrient-rich fertilizer.

Then last week, a federal judge ordered the Agriculture Department to compensate a farmer whose land was poisoned by sludge from a waste treatment plant. His cows had died by the hundreds. Some of the same contaminants showed up in milk that regulators allowed a neighboring dairy farmer to market, even after some officials said they were warned about it.

In one case, the level of thallium — *an element once used as rat poison* — found in the milk was 120 times the concentration allowed in drinking water by the Environmental Protection Agency.

The contaminated milk and the recent ruling raise new doubts about a 30-year government policy that encourages farmers to spread millions of tons of sewage sludge over thousands of acres each year as an alternative to commercial fertilizers. The program is still in effect.

Read (AP via MSNBC)

Organic Apple Farmer Uses Hogs to Battle Beetles

As part of a research experiment believed to be among the first of its kind, an organic apple farmer in Michigan is using pigs to help protect his fruit from a tiny insect that is among the most destructive apple pests.

More than two dozen porkers patrol his orchard, gobbling down fallen, immature apples containing the plum curculio’s larvae. After a successful trial run late last spring, he and some researchers at Michigan State University are preparing for year two of the experiment at another orchard in eastern Michigan.

The quarter-inch-long plum curculio is particularly difficult for organic growers to control because no good organic controls have been developed for them.

The researchers hope their work will someday help fruit growers throughout the world reduce the use of pesticides while diversifying their agricultural operations.

Read (AP via MSNBC)

A Donkey’s Tale: When Urban Sprawl Encroaches

Wherever city meets country, clashes develop over animals. Urbanites transplanted to rural areas often find the sounds and smells of livestock offensive, while many longtime residents contend that farm animals give rural areas their charm.

This is the story of one urbanizing community’s attempts to save its rural character in the face of suburban sprawl. The result was an innovative policy to protect livestock ownership, and the inspiration came from a donkey.

[Read & Listen](http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=19274443&ft=1&f=1025 “Read and/or Listen to the Story”) (NPR)

Soaring Food Prices Putting U.S. Emergency Aid in Peril

The U.S. government’s humanitarian relief agency will significantly scale back emergency food aid to some of the world’s poorest countries this year because of soaring global food prices, and the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) is drafting plans to reduce the number of recipient nations, the amount of food provided to them, or both, officials at the agency said.

USAID officials said that a 41 percent surge in prices for wheat, corn, rice and other cereals over the past six months has generated a $120 million budget shortfall that will force the agency to reduce emergency operations.

A United Nations program is confronting similar price pressures. It announced this month that it was facing a $505 million shortfall due to soaring food and fuel costs, and would cut distribution if it did not receive new funds.

[Read](http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/02/29/AR2008022904029.html?wpisrc=newsletter “Read the Article”) (Washington Post)

The Dairies Are Half-Pint, but the Flavor Isn’t

More and more people across the country are being treated to something delicious as they find a burgeoning variety of fresh dairy products made in small batches on little farms and in small creameries. The taste is worth the extra money.

These operations are turning cow, goat or sheep milk into simple, straightforward foods like crème fraîche, butter, buttermilk, ice cream, puddings, custards, yogurt, yogurt-based sauces and yogurt drinks. Many of these dairies also sell unhomogenized, and in a few cases even unpasteurized, milk with an old-fashioned farmhouse flavor.

Read (New York Times)

Here in Salem, we’ve had home delivery service from Homestead Creamery for about 9 months.  In addition to milk, they make their own butter and ice cream.  My kids love the white and chocolate milk, and the ice cream is delicious.  Our household has gone from drinking less than a gallon of milk a week to 2-3 gallons each week.  I wish Homestead Creamery also made cheese and yogurt.

Tyson Foods Plans to Raise Prices

Tyson Foods, reported that its first-quarter profit slid 40% and said that it would increase prices to offset the higher cost of commodities used to feed cattle, chickens and pigs. Tyson said it expected more than $500 million in additional grain costs this year, well above the $300 million increase it forecast in November.

Tyson had sales of $6.8 billion for the quarter, up from $6.6 billion a year ago. The company earned $34 million in the period ended Dec. 29, down from $57 million in the year-ago quarter.

“Because of these unanticipated and extraordinarily high corn and soybean meal costs, we have no choice but to raise prices substantially,” the chief executive, Richard L. Bond, said. “For the foreseeable future, consumers will pay more and more for food, especially protein.”

[Read](http://www.nytimes.com/2008/01/29/business/29tyson.html?ex=1359349200&en=ddb5c8fdec63d8d2&ei=5088&partner=rssnyt&emc=rss “Read the story”) (AP via New York Times)

Farmers Selling Cows Because of Lack of Hay

I noticed two ads in Sunday’s Roanoke Times from farmers who were selling cows either because they’ve run out of hay or they’re low on hay.

[Livestock Classified Listings](http://classified.roanoke.com/classified/schr?mCat1=42&subcat1=-1&mCat2=195&subcat2=-1&mCat3=275&subcat3=-1&mCat4=248&subcat4=258&mCat5=374&mCat6=349&subcat6=-1&reset=yes&spId=0&id=3&schOpt=1&keys=&numDsp=15&srhBtn=GO “Check the classified listings”) (Roanoke Times)

Organic Dairies Test Supply of Feed

It comes as no surprise to anyone that the number of organic farms is booming to meet consumer demand for healthy food.

The challenge has been feeding all of those cows. Acreage of organic forage, such as hay and alfalfa, has grown 40 percent in the past two years, yet isn’t keeping pace with demand. In particular, high-protein crops like soybeans that are necessary feed for dairy cows are in short supply in some regions, forcing some companies to import them from as far away as China.

Given the recent problems with food and ingredient imports from China, in which a slew of products have been turned away by U.S. inspectors amid claims they are tainted, one might wonder if organic feed is actually organic.

It’s estimated that demand for organic feed is growing 20 percent each year, while U.S. production of organic row crops, such as corn and other feed, is growing only by as much as 4 percent.

Add in the “ethanol tsunami” that is encouraging more farmers to grow corn for biofuel rather than feed, and the shortage could continue for organic growers for a long time.

[Read](http://ap.google.com/article/ALeqM5iFSXojBeWGy4TDTkraK5H2eZsJwQD8TLM4H00 “Read the Story”) (AP via Google News)

Pesticides tied to asthma in farmers

Exposure to several commonly used pesticides appears to increase the risk of asthma. The finding stems from a study of nearly 20,000 farmers.

The main finding was that a history of high pesticide exposure was associated with a doubling of asthma risk. The link remained statistically significant after adjusting for a variety of potentially confounding factors including age, smoking, body weight, and state of residence.

[Read](http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/20829858/ “Read the Story”) (Reuters via MSNBC)

Wind, biodiesel become attractive crops

Squeezed by high energy prices and more overhead costs, some small farms are exploring ways to increase their energy efficiency and lower costs. By erecting wind turbines, making biodiesel fuel and adopting more efficient tilling practices, farmers have cut costs and reduced their environmental impact.

[Read](http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/20953363/ “Read the Story”) (AP via MSNBC)

Dry Weather Leads to Fewer Grapes, But Quality Wine

This season’s hot, dry weather may have resulted in fewer, smaller grapes across Virginia, but those grapes are expected to produce superb quality wines.

The state’s commercial wine industry adds about $160 million annually to the economy. There are now about 130 wineries and more than 300 vineyards in Virginia.

[Read](http://www.wjla.com/news/stories/0907/457645.html “Read the Story”) (AP via WJLA)